Lithium-Ion Battery Safety

Image of laptop, cell phone, and electronic tabletLithium-ion batteries are becoming increasingly common in many of the devices we use daily. Devices range from cell phones to electric vehicles.

This type of battery is unique in that it stores a large amount of energy in a small amount of space, making it an effective and efficient source of power. However, when that energy is released in an uncontrolled manner, it generates heat, which can turn certain internal battery components into flammable and toxic gases.

Lithium-ion battery fires are on the rise and often due to improper charging and use, damage, or exposures from incorrect storage. Like any product on the market, a small percentage can be defective too. 

Here are safety tips to promote safe use of lithium-ion batteries to reduce the risk of a fire occurring.

CHARGING SAFETY

  • Do not keep charging your device or device battery after it is fully charged. 
  • Only use the battery and the charging device cord that came with the device. 
    • If you need to replace the charger or battery, replace it with one that is made by the original equipment manufacturer of the device. 
    • Avoid generic off-brand chargers, batteries, and cables.
  • When you charge portable devices like phones, tablets, and laptops, charge them on a hard surface like a desk, table, or counter. 
    • Do not charge devices on a bed, couch, or pillow.
  • two lithium ion batteries for power toolsDo not charge equipment like scooters or bikes in sunlight or in temperatures below freezing (32 degrees F) or in excessively hot temperatures (above 105 degrees F). 
    • Batteries need to remain at room temperature. 
  • Avoid charging equipment like scooters and bikes near exits – that exit may be your only route out in the event of a fire. 
  • Ensure your scooter or bike is also not at risk of falling over, which could cause damage to the battery.

ELECTRIC VEHICLES

  • Before charging your electric vehicle at home, have a licensed, qualified electrician check your electrical system.
    • They will make sure your system is able to handle the electrical load needed for charging.
    • They can install a new circuit dedicated for your charging device.
  • Install charging equipment in safe locations away from busy areas and other things that may catch fire. 

RECYCLING

  • Do not dispose of lithium-ion batteries in your household garbage or recycle bin. 
  • Check with your local garbage hauler to see if they accept lithium-ion batteries on recycle day and how they want it prepped for pick up.
  • Contact Metro (503-234-3000) about available locations that will accept lithium-ion batteries and how to best transport them. 

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES